The present investigation analyzes the main factors that intervene in the abandonment of dogs, the influential causes in the owners to take this cruel decision in the north, center, south and valleys of the city of Quito in the year 2020. By noticing a significant increase in the abandonment of these noble pets in recent years, therefore the main objective of the study is to know what are the most influential causes and what are the most relevant variables to explain this problem with the respective theoretical basis. For this process we took the records of the survey of dog abandonment in the city of Quito in the period 2020. The methodology used is descriptive, correlational and applied, it focuses on the research having a quantitative structure being more precise; it allows inferences to be made regarding the causes that generate the abandonment of dogs, a multivariate analysis was performed from which we use the technique of principal components that allows us to determine an optimal number of factors to select variables that best explain the model.