It is a study of the mimesis of the novel Mem�rias de L�zaro, by Adonias Filho, with the objective of comparing some Brazilian literary works and their transformations and conceptions of the relationship of Man with the environment in which he lives. Through the allusion, it was possible to discuss the question of dehumanization as a characteristic of naturalism, which came from the trajectory of the canonical hero who emerges resurrected, an allegory of death and resurrection, linked to the biblical text.